Types of proceedings
The route depends on the underlying document:
- Proceedings without a judgment: for claims based on contracts, invoices and similar documents
- Proceedings based on negotiable instruments: for cheques, promissory notes and bills of exchange
- Proceedings based on a judgment: for claims established by a court decision
General procedure
- Reviewing the supporting documents (contract, invoice, note, cheque, etc.)
- Filing a request with the enforcement office
- Service of the payment order on the debtor and monitoring of the objection period
- If the debtor objects, seeking annulment or removal of the objection
- Attachment of assets once the proceedings become final
Points to consider: Time limits for objecting to a payment order and for subsequent lawsuits are short and vary by type of proceeding. Limitation periods must also be monitored. Enforcement of foreign judgments in Türkiye requires a separate recognition and enforcement (exequatur) procedure.
The information on this page is for general information purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. Each matter must be assessed on its own facts.